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ANTICOAGULATION
Blood may clot when exposed to an artificial surface. Heparin is the most commonly used anticoagulant in hemodialysis. A bolus dose of heparin is generally administered at the beginning of dialysis and thereafter either continuously or intermittently up until the last hour of dialysis
DIALYSATE
The dialysate is prepared from either fluid or dry concentrates and purified water. The dialysate creates the solute concentration gradients to drive diffusion across the dialysis membrane. Dialysate fluid composition corrects the acid-base balance in dialysis patients who generally display predialysis acidosis.